Advances in pathogen detection using rapid molecular methods have delivered point-of-testing (PoT) or point-of-care (PoC) devices, such as the Covid-19 lateral flow testing devices.

In this article we demonstrate how the introduction of PoT devices can support sustainability goals in industries such as food safety and healthcare.

Compared with laboratory testing, PoT devices are more sustainable.

1. Cost-effectiveness and emissions reduction. Compared with laboratory testing, the PoT can save approximately 50% of the costs, with the largest proportion of savings being reduced shipping costs [1]. The portability of PoT eliminates the need to send samples to distant laboratories as tests are carried out on site, reducing the associated costs and emissions. The faster testing of stock also means that it can be processed or shipped without delays, reducing the energy consumption associated with storage.
   
   
2. Workflow optimization. The workflow of PoT devices is much simpler than laboratory testing workflows, with few steps and more streamline processing, reducing time and materials, which will contribute to lower environmental impact. For example, whilst approximately 10 pieces of laboratory plasticware are used for each microbiological test, these are reduced to only four or five for a PoT test.
   
   
3. Reagents stability. Reagent formulation like lyophilisation allow for ambient temperature stability and reduce reliance on energy-intensive cold chain supply chains and logistics. This not only reduces emissions but also extends the reagents’ shelf life, lowering waste from expired products.
   
   
4. Waste reduction. PoT devices allow for rapid testing for pathogens in the food supply chain. By quickly identifying contaminated batches, producers can reduce the need for costly and resource hungry product recalls. Current testing methods that take several days mean that stock has already been delivered to retail customers by the time the results are received so a negative result will have major implications. Reduced time to result can also extend a product’s shelf-life, further reducing wastage [2].

5. Biosecurity. PoT devices allow for the early detection of infection within an animal production facility. This will stop the spread of pathogens and reduce the need for later interventions. The ability of PoT devices to quantify or semi-quantify bacterial loads allows producers to tailor interventions like cleaning or disinfection more precisely, avoiding overuse of chemicals and antibiotics [3].

7. Supporting Sustainable Agriculture. PoT devices enable farmers to link data on pathogens with feed and hygiene practices. Producers can therefore adjust farming methods based on real-time data, thereby reducing environmental impacts [3]
8. Food Safety and Public Health. The enhanced pathogen detection that is enabled by PoT devices supports public health by reducing the risk of contaminated food entering the market, aligning with global sustainability goals for safe food​ [3]

These recent advances in testing capabilities at the point of use are already demonstrating the contribution that they can make towards sustainability goals. Alongside their ability to reduce waste, and the need for unnecessary transportation, there are benefits to the environment resulting from the way in which these devices will support sustainable agriculture.

Reduction in the prevalence of foodborne diseases caused by pathogens such as Salmonella, Listeria and E. coli, is one of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. PoT devices will play an important role in delivering this ambition.

References:

1. https://www.clinicalleader.com/doc/clinical-trial-diagnostic-test-cost-0001
2. https://www.food-safety.com/articles/6650-rapid-pathogen-testing-in-dairy-production-advancements-benefits-and-considerations-biomerieux-inc
3. SWIFTR Bio/Gain Holdings Biosensor Market Research 2023